Micron Document
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-night-mode-disabled vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-sticky-header-enabled" lang="en" dir="ltr"><head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Basque Chileans</title>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basque_Chileans"> <link href="./mw/ext.cite.styles.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<link href="./mw/skins.vector.icons.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<link href="./mw/skins.vector.search.codex.styles.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<link href="./mw/skins.vector.styles.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<link href="./mw/user.styles.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content="">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./mw/site.styles.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./mw/noscript.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./footer.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./vector-2022.css">
</head>
<body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Basque_Chileans rootpage-Basque_Chileans skin-vector-2022 action-view">
<div class="mw-page-container">
<div class="mw-page-container-inner">
<div class="mw-content-container">
<main id="content" class="mw-body">
<header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar">
<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">
<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Basque Chileans</span></span>
</h1>
</header>
<a id="top"></a>
<div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body ve-init-mw-desktopArticleTarget-targetContainer" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container="">
<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt">
</p>

<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1295905060">
/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */


.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}


/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */
</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Basque Chileans</caption><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above nickname" style="font-size:115%; font-weight:normal;"><div><small><i><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">
/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */


.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}


/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */
</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Vasco-chilenos</li><li>Txileko euskaldunek</li></ul></div></i></small></div></th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de; color:inherit;">Total population</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><b>5,300,000</b> (by ancestry)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br>27% of the Chilean population</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de; color:inherit;">Regions with significant populations</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="Santiago" title="Santiago">Santiago</a>, <a href="Vi%C3%B1a_del_Mar" title="Viña del Mar">Viña del Mar</a>, <a href="Valpara%C3%ADso" title="Valparaíso">Valparaíso</a>, <a href="Punta_Arenas" title="Punta Arenas">Punta Arenas</a>, <a href="Concepci%C3%B3n%2C_Chile" title="Concepción, Chile">Concepción</a>, <a href="Osorno%2C_Chile" title="Osorno, Chile">Osorno</a>.</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de; color:inherit;">Languages</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="Chilean_Spanish" title="Chilean Spanish">Chilean Spanish</a>, <a href="Euskera" class="mw-redirect" title="Euskera">Euskera</a> (Basque), French</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de; color:inherit;">Religion</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="Roman_Catholicism" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholicism">Roman Catholicism</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de; color:inherit;">Related ethnic groups</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="Basque_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Basque people">Basque people</a>, <a href="Basque_diaspora" title="Basque diaspora">Basque diaspora</a>, <a href="Spanish_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish people">Spanish people</a>, <a href="French_people" title="French people">French people</a>, <a href="Basque_Argentine" class="mw-redirect" title="Basque Argentine">Basque Argentine</a>, <a href="Basque_Mexican" class="mw-redirect" title="Basque Mexican">Basque Mexican</a>, <a href="Basque_Uruguayans" title="Basque Uruguayans">Basque Uruguayan</a> </td></tr></tbody></table>
<p>Many <a href="Basque_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Basque people">Basques</a> arrived in Chile in the 16th, 17th, 18th, 19th and early 20th century from their homeland in northern Spain (see <a href="Basque_Country_(historical_territory)" class="mw-redirect" title="Basque Country (historical territory)">Basque Provinces</a>) and parts of southwestern France, as <a href="Conquistador" title="Conquistador">conquistadors</a>, soldiers, sailors, merchants, priests and labourers. Due to their traditional hard work and entrepreneurship, many of them rose to the top of the social scale and intermarried into the Chilean elites of <a href="Castilian_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Castilian people">Castilian descent</a>, giving birth to the new Basque-Chilean aristocracy in Chile. This union is the basis of the Chilean elite of today. But also, they immensely contributed to the ethnic make up of the bulk of the <a href="Chilean_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Chilean people">Chilean population</a>. The Basque settlers also intermarried into the Mestizo and Castizo population of central Chile in the middle of the colonial period to form the large Criollo population that exists in Chile today; Castizos create modern middle and lower classes. Many years after the first waves of settlers, thousands of Basque refugees fleeing <a href="Spanish_Civil_War" title="Spanish Civil War">Spanish Civil War</a> in 1939 also settled and have many descendants in the country and have even intermarried with Spanish ethnic groups other than Castilians, and other <a href="European_ethnic_groups" class="mw-redirect" title="European ethnic groups">European ethnic groups</a>. An estimated 1.6 million (10%) to 5 million (30%) Chileans have a surname (one or both) of Basque origin. This figure is to the least as the number of Basque descendence is great and plentiful. Due to Basque migration, Chile has a higher number of people of Basque descent than the Basque Country itself.<sup id="cite_ref-Diariovasco_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Diariovasco-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-deia.com_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-deia.com-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p><a href="Miguel_de_Unamuno" title="Miguel de Unamuno">Miguel de Unamuno</a> once said: "There are at least two things that clearly can be attributed to the Basques: the <a href="Society_of_Jesus" class="mw-redirect" title="Society of Jesus">Society of Jesus</a> and the <a href="Republic_of_Chile" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of Chile">Republic of Chile</a>."<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<meta property="mw:PageProp/toc">
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div>
<p>The Basque presence in <a href="Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a> began in the <a href="Conquista" class="mw-redirect" title="Conquista">Conquista</a> period, for in the armies of the first colonizers came an important number of soldiers from the <a href="Basque_Country_(greater_region)" title="Basque Country (greater region)">Basque Provinces</a> and from <a href="Navarra" class="mw-redirect" title="Navarra">Navarra</a>. In the 16th century, of the 157 Peninsular families that settled in Chile, 39 had Basque <a href="Surnames" class="mw-redirect" title="Surnames">surnames</a>. This number progressively grew, as reflected in the number of governors of Basque origin.
</p><p>Forms a regional immigration corridor between Spain and Chile, one that is large, visible, and continues over time. <a href="Basque_diaspora" title="Basque diaspora">Basque immigration</a> can be divided into historical periods: <a href="Discovery_(observation)" title="Discovery (observation)">discovery</a>, foundation, and <a href="Viceroyalty_of_Peru" title="Viceroyalty of Peru">colonial period</a>; the wave of immigration of the 18th century; and the recent immigrants (19th and 20th centuries).
</p><p>During the 18th century, the country experimented a mass immigration coming from the Basque provinces and <a href="Navarre" title="Navarre">Navarre</a>, by the end of the 18th century represents 30% of <a href="Demographics_of_Chile" title="Demographics of Chile">the Chilean population</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This raised the Basques to being the most important regional group in the population, displacing the natives and descendants of those born in <a href="New_Castile_(Spain)" title="New Castile (Spain)">New Castile</a>, <a href="Old_Castile" title="Old Castile">Old Castile</a>, and <a href="Andaluc%C3%ADa" class="mw-redirect" title="Andalucía">Andalucía</a>. These immigrant families initially dedicated themselves to their preferred form of business, and in successive years produced many alliances with families of Castilian origin possessing lands and titles, giving birth to a new social group known in Chilean history as the <a href="Castilian-Basque_aristocracy" title="Castilian-Basque aristocracy">Castilian-Basque aristocracy</a>; others integrated with the castizo middle class.
</p><p>In the second half of the 19th century came a new wave of Basque immigration, this time as much from the Spanish regions as the French. This migratory flood are extended until the end of the <a href="Spanish_Civil_War" title="Spanish Civil War">Spanish Civil War</a>.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_Basque-Chileans">Notable Basque-Chileans</h2></div>
<p>A list of well known Chileans of Basque descendence is too great to name but the following shows a short list of some.
</p>
<ul><li><a href="Pedro_Aguirre_Cerda" title="Pedro Aguirre Cerda">Pedro Aguirre Cerda</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> President of Chile (1938–1941)</li>
<li><a href="Isabel_Allende" title="Isabel Allende">Isabel Allende</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-metroactive.com_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-metroactive.com-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> writer</li>
<li><a href="Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende">Salvador Allende</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> President of Chile (1970–1973)</li>
<li><a href="Maricarmen_Arrigorriaga" title="Maricarmen Arrigorriaga">Maricarmen Arrigorriaga</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> actress</li>
<li><a href="Jos%C3%A9_Manuel_Balmaceda" title="José Manuel Balmaceda">José Manuel Balmaceda</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-auto1_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> President of Chile (1886–1891)</li>
<li><a href="Pedro_Pascal" title="Pedro Pascal">Pedro Pascal</a>, actor</li>
<li><a href="Manuel_Baquedano" title="Manuel Baquedano">Manuel Baquedano</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Commander-in-chief of the Chilean Army during the War of the Pacific</li>
<li>Juan Guzman Cruchaga (1895–1979) was a Chilean poet and diplomat. He won the Chilean National Prize for Literature in 1962</li>
<li><a href="Alberto_Blest_Gana" title="Alberto Blest Gana">Alberto Blest Gana</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> writer and diplomat</li>
<li><a href="Felipe_Camiroaga" title="Felipe Camiroaga">Felipe Camiroaga</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> actor and TV host</li>
<li><a href="Javiera_Carrera" title="Javiera Carrera">Javiera Carrera</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> patriot</li>
<li><a href="Jos%C3%A9_Miguel_Carrera" title="José Miguel Carrera">José Miguel Carrera</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Army general, President of the Government Junta and hero of the War of Chilean Independence</li>
<li><a href="Federico_Err%C3%A1zuriz_Za%C3%B1artu" title="Federico Errázuriz Zañartu">Federico Errázuriz Zañartu</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> President of Chile (1871–1876)</li>
<li><a href="Domingo_Eyzaguirre" title="Domingo Eyzaguirre">Domingo Eyzaguirre</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> politician</li>
<li><a href="Lucho_Gatica" title="Lucho Gatica">Lucho Gatica</a>, <a href="Bolero" title="Bolero">Bolero</a> singer, actor and television host of Chilean Basque descent</li>
<li><a href="Alejandro_Gorostiaga" title="Alejandro Gorostiaga">Alejandro Gorostiaga</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Army officer</li>
<li><a href="Alberto_Hurtado" title="Alberto Hurtado">Alberto Hurtado Cruchaga</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Jesuit priest and saint</li>
<li><a href="Marta_Larraechea" title="Marta Larraechea">Marta Larraechea</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> former First Lady of Chile (1994–2000)</li>
<li><a href="Alberto_Larraguibel" title="Alberto Larraguibel">Alberto Larraguibel</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Army officer and equestrian</li>
<li><a href="Fernando_Larra%C3%ADn" title="Fernando Larraín">Fernando Larraín</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> actor</li>
<li><a href="Hern%C3%A1n_Larra%C3%ADn" title="Hernán Larraín">Hernán Larraín</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> politician</li>
<li><a href="Mar%C3%ADa_Eugenia_Larra%C3%ADn" title="María Eugenia Larraín">María Eugenia Larraín</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> model</li>
<li><a href="Roberto_Matta" title="Roberto Matta">Roberto Matta Echaurren</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> painter</li>
<li><a href="Pablo_Neruda" title="Pablo Neruda">Pablo Neruda</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> poet and Nobel laureate</li>
<li><a href="Bernardo_O'Higgins_Riquelme" class="mw-redirect" title="Bernardo O'Higgins Riquelme">Bernardo O'Higgins Riquelme</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Army general, Supreme Director and hero of the War of Chilean Independence</li>
<li><a href="Augusto_Pinochet" title="Augusto Pinochet">Augusto Pinochet Ugarte</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Army General and military dictator (1973–1990)</li>
<li><a href="Sebasti%C3%A1n_Pi%C3%B1era" title="Sebastián Piñera">Sebastián Piñera Echenique</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> President of Chile (2010–2014, 2018–2022)</li>
<li><a href="Manuel_Rodr%C3%ADguez_Erdo%C3%ADza" title="Manuel Rodríguez Erdoíza">Manuel Rodríguez Erdoíza</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> guerrilla fighter and hero of the War of Chilean Independence</li>
<li><a href="Fernando_Solabarrieta" title="Fernando Solabarrieta">Fernando Solabarrieta</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> journalist and sports commentator</li>
<li><a href="Benjam%C3%ADn_Vicu%C3%B1a_Mackenna" title="Benjamín Vicuña Mackenna">Benjamín Vicuña Mackenna</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> politician, historian and writer</li>
<li><a href="Paz_Yrarr%C3%A1zaval" class="mw-redirect" title="Paz Yrarrázaval">Paz Yrarrázaval</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> actress</li>
<li><a href="Adolfo_Zald%C3%ADvar" title="Adolfo Zaldívar">Adolfo Zaldívar</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-auto_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> politician</li>
<li><a href="Andr%C3%A9s_Zald%C3%ADvar" title="Andrés Zaldívar">Andrés Zaldívar</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-auto_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> politician</li>
<li><a href="An%C3%ADbal_Za%C3%B1artu" title="Aníbal Zañartu">Aníbal Zañartu</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> politician</li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_Basque-Chilean_families">Notable Basque-Chilean families</h2></div>
<ul><li><a href="Allende_family" title="Allende family">Allende family</a><sup id="cite_ref-metroactive.com_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-metroactive.com-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><a href="Balmaceda_family" title="Balmaceda family">Balmaceda family</a><sup id="cite_ref-auto1_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><a href="Carrera_family" title="Carrera family">Carrera family</a><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><a href="Larra%C3%ADn_family" title="Larraín family">Larraín family</a><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><a href="Vergara_family" title="Vergara family">Vergara family</a></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div>
<ul><li><a href="Italian_Chilean" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Chilean">Italian Chilean</a></li>
<li><a href="British_Chilean" class="mw-redirect" title="British Chilean">British Chilean</a></li>
<li><a href="German_Chilean" class="mw-redirect" title="German Chilean">German Chilean</a></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>
<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">
/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */


.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}


/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */
</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2">
<ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.euskadi.net/r33-2288/es/contenidos/informacion/revista_euskaletxeak/es_714/adjuntos/4546_28_29_c.pdf">De los vascos en Chile y sus Instituciones</a> euskadi.net (in Spanish)</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Diariovasco-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Diariovasco_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">
/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */


.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("./mw/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("./mw/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("./mw/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("./mw/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}


/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */
</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.diariovasco.com/pg060724/prensa/noticias/AlDia/200607/24/DVA-ALD-003.html">"«Los jóvenes vasco-chilenos están al día de todo lo que está pasando en Euskadi»"</a>. <i>El Diario Vasco</i>. 24 July 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-deia.com-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-deia.com_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090511001812/http://www.deia.com/es/impresa/2008/05/22/bizkaia/ekonomia/469496.php">"entrevista al Presidente de la Cámara vasca"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.deia.com/es/impresa/2008/05/22/bizkaia/ekonomia/469496.php">the original</a> on 11 May 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.osasun.ejgv.euskadi.net/r52-20726/es/contenidos/noticia/albis12_257_txile_08_11/es_txile/albis12_257_txile_08_11.html">vascos</a> <b>Ainara Madariaga</b>: Autora del estudio <i>"Imaginarios vascos desde Chile La construcción de imaginarios vascos en Chile durante el siglo XX"</i>.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.euskonews.eus/0072zbk/gaia7204es.html">"De los vascos en Chile y sus instituciones"</a>. <i>www.euskonews.eus</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><b>Contacto Interlingüístico e intercultural en el mundo hispano.instituto valenciano de lenguas y culturas. Universitat de València Cita:</b></i> " Un 20% de la población chilena tiene su origen en el País Vasco".</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.empresariosvascos.cl/boletines/2008-11-03-BOLETIN-EMPREBASK.pdf">La población chilena con ascendencia vasca bordea entre el 15% y el 20% del total, por lo que es uno de los países con mayor presencia de emigrantes venidos de Euskadi.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100202064123/http://www.empresariosvascos.cl/boletines/2008-11-03-BOLETIN-EMPREBASK.pdf">Archived</a> 2010-02-02 at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.euzkoetxeachile.cl/libros/04-De%20los%20Vascos%20Onati%20y%20los%20Elorza-2.pdf">[1]</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130819165814/http://www.euzkoetxeachile.cl/libros/04-De%20los%20Vascos%20Onati%20y%20los%20Elorza-2.pdf">Archived</a> 2013-08-19 at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <b>DE LOS VASCOS, OÑATI Y LOS ELORZA</b> <i>Waldo Ayarza Elorza</i>.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.euskalkultura.com/noticias/jon-erdozia-nuevo-delegado-en-chile-iniciativas-vasco-chilenas-como-emprebask-son-exportables-a-otros-paises?language_sync=1">"Jon Erdozia, nuevo Delegado en Chile: 'Iniciativas vasco chilenas como Emprebask son exportables a otros países'"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"«La Compañía de Jesús y la República de Chile son las dos grandes hazañas del pueblo vascongado», solía decir don Miguel de Unamuno". Miguel de Unamuno used to say "The Company of Jesus and the Republic of Chile are the two great achievements of the Basque people." <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.filosofia.org/hem/194/alf/ez2302a.htm">[2]</a></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.euskadi.net/r33-2288/es/contenidos/informacion/revista_euskaletxeak/es_714/adjuntos/4546_28_29_c.pdf">De los vascos en Chile y sus Instituciones</a> euskadi.net (in Spanish)</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cvc.cervantes.es/el_rinconete/anteriores/julio_09/08672707_01.asp">"CVC. Página no encontrada"</a>. <i>cvc.cervantes.es</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-metroactive.com-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-metroactive.com_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-metroactive.com_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.metroactive.com/papers/metro/06.25.98/allende-9825.html">"Metroactive Books | Isabel Allende"</a>. <i>www.metroactive.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090813121231/http://masones.wordpress.com/2009/06/28/el-personaje-masonico-de-junio-salvador-allende-gossens/">"Salvador Allende"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://masones.wordpress.com/2009/06/28/el-personaje-masonico-de-junio-salvador-allende-gossens/">the original</a> on 13 August 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 July</span> 2009</span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://actrizchilena.blogspot.com/2008/02/algo-ms-sobre-maricarmen-arrigorriaga.html">"Biografía Maricarmen Arrigorriaga"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-auto1-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto1_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto1_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://html.rincondelvago.com/historia-de-chile_6.html">"Encuentra aquí información de Historia de Chile para tu escuela ¡Entra ya! | Rincón del Vago"</a>. <i>html.rincondelvago.com</i>. 26 June 2003<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.genealog.cl/Chile/B/Baquedano/">"Familia Baquedano | www.genealog.cl"</a>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cvc.cervantes.es/el_rinconete/anteriores/julio_07/04072007_01.asp">"CVC. Rinconete. Literatura. Libros clave de la narrativa chilena (X). Martín Rivas"</a>. <i>cvc.cervantes.es</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.segunda.cl/modulos/generacion/mobileASP/detailNew.asp?idNoticia=CM816L0HF20090430&amp;strNamePage=LUCSGTL54SG3004.jpg&amp;codCuerpo=701&amp;iNumPag=54&amp;strFecha=2009-04-30&amp;iPage=1&amp;tipoPantalla=240">Felipe Camiroaga.</a></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://diario.elmercurio.cl/detalle/index.asp?id={09b31ebd-bb5c-419c-87c7-3069540a13e3}">"Javiera Carrera"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://diario.elmercurio.cl/detalle/index.asp?id={09b31ebd-bb5c-419c-87c7-3069540a13e3}">"José Miguel Carrera"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.escritores.cl/base.php?f1=articulos/texto/Penamunoz.htm">"Escritores.cl"</a>. <i>www.escritores.cl</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080610062955/http://www.sanbernardo.cl/index.php?option=com_content&amp;task=view&amp;id=3&amp;Itemid=18">"Ilustre Municipalidad de San Bernardo"</a>. <i>Municipalidad San Bernardo</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sanbernardo.cl/">the original</a> on 10 June 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110707010545/http://www.diarioeldia.cl/index.php?option=com_content&amp;task=view&amp;id=1827&amp;Itemid=177">"Alejandro Gorostiaga"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.diarioeldia.cl/index.php?option=com_content&amp;task=view&amp;id=1827&amp;Itemid=177">the original</a> on 7 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120629051553/http://sid.usal.es/mostrarficha.aspx?id=17668&amp;fichero=1.1">"Alberto Hurtado Cruchaga"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sid.usal.es/mostrarficha.aspx?id=17668&amp;fichero=1.1">the original</a> on 29 June 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFMartinez2009" class="citation web cs1">Martinez, Carlos Saavedra (14 May 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://democratascristianosantofagasta.blogspot.com/2009/05/el-peso-de-martita-en-la-campana-de.html">"Democratas Cristianos de Antofagasta - Chile: El peso de "Martita" en la campaña de Frei"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.euskalkultura.com/noticias/recordando-la-hazana-del-capitan-larraguibel?language_sync=1">"Recordando la hazaña del capitán Larraguibel"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chileazul.cl/foro/index.php?topic=27022.0;wap2">Fernando Larraín.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120226032034/http://www.chileazul.cl/foro/index.php?topic=27022.0%3Bwap2">Archived</a> 2012-02-26 at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chileazul.cl/foro/index.php?topic=27022.0;wap2">Hernán Larraín.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120226032034/http://www.chileazul.cl/foro/index.php?topic=27022.0%3Bwap2">Archived</a> 2012-02-26 at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110604040130/http://www.lanacion.cl/p4_lanacion/antialone.html?page=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lanacion.cl%2Fp4_lanacion%2Fsite%2Fartic%2F20040131%2Fpags%2F20040131185807.html">"María Eugenia "Kenita" Larraín"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lanacion.cl/p4_lanacion/antialone.html?page=http://www.lanacion.cl/p4_lanacion/site/artic/20040131/pags/20040131185807.html">the original</a> on 4 June 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090714022338/http://www2.udec.cl/~mariasmo/pintores/Roberto%20Matta.htm">"Roberto Matta Echaurren"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www2.udec.cl/~mariasmo/pintores/Roberto%20Matta.htm">the original</a> on 14 July 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 July</span> 2009</span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-ReferenceA-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Possible Paradises</i>, Basque Emigration to Latin America By <i>José Manuel Azcona Pastor.</i></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scielo.cl/pdf/historia/v36/art01.pdf">"Bernardo O'Higgins"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lahoradelpueblo.blogspot.com/2006/12/augusto-pinochet-el-insulso-hijo-del.html">Augusto Pinochet Ugarte</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231203194331/https://lahoradelpueblo.blogspot.com/2006/12/augusto-pinochet-el-insulso-hijo-del.html">Archived</a> 3 December 2023 at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091220083154/http://pinera2010.cl/2009/12/14/chile-necesita-un-verdadero-renacimiento/">"Chile necesita un verdadero renacimiento | Sebastián Piñera 2010"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pinera2010.cl/2009/12/14/chile-necesita-un-verdadero-renacimiento/">the original</a> on 20 December 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 February</span> 2010</span>.</cite> Sebastián Piñera Echenique</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110707010131/http://www.educomputacion.cl/index2.php?option=com_content&amp;do_pdf=1&amp;id=369">"Manuel Rodríguez Erdoiza"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.educomputacion.cl/index2.php?option=com_content&amp;do_pdf=1&amp;id=369">the original</a> on 7 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 July</span> 2009</span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.puntomujer.emol.com/solteras/noticia/detallenoticia.asp?id=%7B780BF766-B372-4C54-815B-03026F7F7C5A%7D%3C">Fernando Solabarrieta.</a></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chileazul.cl/index.php?=77892.0;wap2">Benjamín Vicuña Mackenna.</a></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.genealog.cl/Chile/I.html">"I | Genealogía de Familias Chilenas"</a>. <i>www.genealog.cl</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-auto-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto_40-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto_40-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.diariocritico.com/noticia/81843/noticias/nos-visitan-parlamentarios-chilenos.html">"Nos visitan parlamentarios chilenos"</a>. <i>Diariocrítico.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.genealog.cl/Chile/Z.html">"Z | Genealogía de Familias Chilenas"</a>. <i>www.genealog.cl</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://diario.elmercurio.cl/detalle/index.asp?id={09b31ebd-bb5c-419c-87c7-3069540a13e3}">"Carrera family"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110707010158/http://portada.diariosregionales.cl/prontus_blogs/site/artic/20090504/pags/20090504171152.html">"Larraín family"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://portada.diariosregionales.cl/prontus_blogs/site/artic/20090504/pags/20090504171152.html">the original</a> on 7 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 July</span> 2009</span>.</cite></span>
</li>
</ol></div>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>
<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.euskonews.com/0072zbk/gaia7204es.html">Imaginarios vascos desde Chile La construcción de imaginarios vascos en Chile durante el siglo XX</a></li></ul>
<div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">
/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */


.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}


/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */
</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&amp;#124;border_&amp;#124;alt=Basque_Country_(autonomous_community)&amp;#124;link=Basque_Country_(autonomous_community)_Basque_diaspora190" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">
/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */


.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}


/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */
</style><div id="23x15px&amp;#124;border_&amp;#124;alt=Basque_Country_(autonomous_community)&amp;#124;link=Basque_Country_(autonomous_community)_Basque_diaspora190" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="Basque_Country_(autonomous_community)" title="Basque Country (autonomous community)"></a></span></span> <a href="Basque_diaspora" title="Basque diaspora">Basque diaspora</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Basque_Argentines" title="Basque Argentines">Argentina</a></li>
<li><a href="Basque_Canadians" title="Basque Canadians">Canada</a></li>

<li><a href="Basque_Colombians" title="Basque Colombians">Colombia</a></li>
<li><a href="Basque_Mexicans" title="Basque Mexicans">Mexico</a></li>
<li><a href="Basque_Americans" title="Basque Americans">United States</a>
<ul><li><a href="Basque_Americans_in_California" title="Basque Americans in California">California</a></li>
<li><a href="Basque_Americans_in_Nevada" title="Basque Americans in Nevada">Nevada</a></li>
<li><a href="Basque_Americans_in_Oregon" title="Basque Americans in Oregon">Oregon</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Basque_Uruguayans" title="Basque Uruguayans">Uruguay</a></li>
<li><a href="Basque_Venezuelan" title="Basque Venezuelan">Venezuela</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ancestry_and_ethnicity_in_Chile112" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Ancestry_and_ethnicity_in_Chile112" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Chileans" title="Chileans">Ancestry and ethnicity in Chile</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Indigenous_peoples112" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Indigenous_peoples_in_Chile" title="Indigenous peoples in Chile">Indigenous peoples</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10.0em">Araucanian</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Cuncos" class="mw-redirect" title="Cuncos">Cunco</a></li>
<li><a href="Huilliche_people" title="Huilliche people">Huilliche</a></li>
<li><a href="Mapuche" title="Mapuche">Mapuche</a></li>
<li><a href="Moluche" title="Moluche">Moluche</a></li>
<li><a href="Pehuenche_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Pehuenche people">Pehuenche</a></li>
<li><a href="Picunche" title="Picunche">Picunche</a></li>
<li><a href="Puelche_people" title="Puelche people">Puelche</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10.0em">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Aymara_people" title="Aymara people">Aimara</a></li>
<li><a href="Atacama_people" title="Atacama people">Atacameño</a></li>
<li><a href="Diaguita" title="Diaguita">Diaguita</a></li>
<li><a href="Alacaluf_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Alacaluf people">Kaweshkar</a></li>
<li><a href="Quechua_people" title="Quechua people">Quechuas</a></li>
<li><a href="Qulla" title="Qulla">Qulla</a></li>
<li><a href="Rapa_Nui_people" title="Rapa Nui people">Rapanui</a></li>
<li><a href="Selk%CA%BCnam_people" title="Selkʼnam people">Selkʼnam</a></li>
<li><a href="Tehuelche_people" title="Tehuelche people">Tehuelche</a></li>
<li><a href="Yaghan_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Yaghan people">Yaghan</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Immigration112" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Immigration_to_Chile" title="Immigration to Chile">Immigration</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10.0em">European</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inmigraci%C3%B3n_austr%C3%ADaca_en_Chile" class="extiw external" title="es:Inmigración austríaca en Chile">Austrian</a></li>

<li><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inmigraci%C3%B3n_belga_en_Chile" class="extiw external" title="es:Inmigración belga en Chile">Belgian</a></li>
<li><a href="British_Chileans" title="British Chileans">British</a>
<ul><li><a href="English_Chileans" title="English Chileans">English</a></li>
<li><a href="Scottish_Chileans" title="Scottish Chileans">Scottish</a></li>
<li><a href="Welsh_Chileans" title="Welsh Chileans">Welsh</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Croatian_Chileans" title="Croatian Chileans">Croatian</a></li>
<li><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inmigraci%C3%B3n_checa_en_Chile" class="extiw external" title="es:Inmigración checa en Chile">Czech</a></li>
<li><a href="Dutch_Chileans" title="Dutch Chileans">Dutch</a></li>
<li><a href="French_Chileans" title="French Chileans">French</a></li>
<li><a href="German_Chileans" title="German Chileans">German</a></li>
<li><a href="Greeks_in_Chile" title="Greeks in Chile">Greek</a></li>
<li><a href="Hungarians_in_Chile" title="Hungarians in Chile">Hungarian</a></li>
<li><a href="Irish_Chileans" title="Irish Chileans">Irish</a></li>
<li><a href="Italian_Chileans" title="Italian Chileans">Italian</a></li>
<li><a href="Polish_Chileans" title="Polish Chileans">Polish</a></li>
<li><a href="Russian_Chileans" title="Russian Chileans">Russian</a></li>
<li><a href="Spanish_Chileans" title="Spanish Chileans">Spanish</a></li>
<li><a href="Swiss_Chileans" title="Swiss Chileans">Swiss</a></li></ul>
<ul></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10.0em">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Afro-Chileans" title="Afro-Chileans">African</a></li>
<li><a href="Americans_and_Canadians_in_Chile" title="Americans and Canadians in Chile">Americans &amp; Canadians</a></li>
<li><a href="Arab_Chileans" title="Arab Chileans">Arab</a>
<ul><li><a href="Lebanese_Chileans" title="Lebanese Chileans">Lebanese</a></li>
<li><a href="Palestinians_in_Chile" title="Palestinians in Chile">Palestinian</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Argentines_in_Chile" title="Argentines in Chile">Argentines</a></li>
<li><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inmigraci%C3%B3n_armenia_en_Chile" class="extiw external" title="es:Inmigración armenia en Chile">Armenian</a></li>
<li><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inmigraci%C3%B3n_boliviana_en_Chile" class="extiw external" title="es:Inmigración boliviana en Chile">Bolivian</a></li>
<li><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inmigraci%C3%B3n_brasile%C3%B1a_en_Chile" class="extiw external" title="es:Inmigración brasileña en Chile">Brazilian</a></li>
<li><a href="Chinese_people_in_Chile" title="Chinese people in Chile">Chinese</a></li>
<li><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inmigraci%C3%B3n_colombiana_en_Chile" class="extiw external" title="es:Inmigración colombiana en Chile">Colombian</a></li>
<li><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inmigraci%C3%B3n_dominicana_en_Chile" class="extiw external" title="es:Inmigración dominicana en Chile">Dominican</a></li>
<li><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inmigraci%C3%B3n_filipina_en_Chile" class="extiw external" title="es:Inmigración filipina en Chile">Filipino</a></li>
<li><a href="Haitian_Chileans" title="Haitian Chileans">Haitian</a></li>
<li><a href="Indians_in_Chile" title="Indians in Chile">Indian</a></li>
<li><a href="Japanese_Chileans" title="Japanese Chileans">Japanese</a></li>
<li><a href="History_of_the_Jews_in_Chile" title="History of the Jews in Chile">Jewish</a></li>
<li><a href="Koreans_in_Chile" title="Koreans in Chile">Korean</a></li>
<li><a href="Mexican_immigration_to_Chile" title="Mexican immigration to Chile">Mexican</a></li>
<li><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inmigraci%C3%B3n_paraguaya_en_Chile" class="extiw external" title="es:Inmigración paraguaya en Chile">Paraguayan</a></li>
<li><a href="Peruvians_in_Chile" title="Peruvians in Chile">Peruvian</a></li>
<li><a href="Romani_diaspora#Chile" title="Romani diaspora">Romani</a></li>
<li><a href="Uruguayan_Chileans" title="Uruguayan Chileans">Uruguayan</a></li>
<li><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inmigraci%C3%B3n_venezolana_en_Chile" class="extiw external" title="es:Inmigración venezolana en Chile">Venezuelan</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Category:Ethnic groups in Chile</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><!--htdig_noindex--><div><div class="zim-footer">
This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2025-07-27" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Basque_Chileans&amp;oldid=1302881134">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.
</div>
</div><!--/htdig_noindex--></div>
</div>
</main>
</div>
</div>
</div>

</body></html>